Insects

Thysanoptera (Thrips)

Sterastoma breve (Cocoa Beetle)

Phassus hosei and P. sericeus (Ring Bark Borers)

Planococcus spp. and Pseudococus spp. (Cocoa Mealybug)

Over 1,500 different insects feed on cocoa but are not usually cause economic level damage

 

Fungi

Moniliophthora roreri (frosty pod rot)

Moniliophthora perniciosa (witches' broom)

Ceratocystis cacaofunesta (mal de machete) or (Ceratocystis wilt)

Verticillium dahlia (verticillium wilt)

Oncobasidium theobromae (vascular streak dieback)

 

Oomycetes

Phytophthora spp. (black pod)

 

Viruses

CSSV – Cocoa Swollen Shoot Virus

 

   Others

Mistletoe and other weeds

Rats, monkeys, and other vertebrate pests (squirrels, woodpeckers, etc.)

[1, Photo 27]